In 1973 the Daoud overthrew the King and established a republic government. When the economic conditions didn't improve the Daoud lost most of it's political support and the communist overthrew him in 1978. In 1979 a threat of tribal insurgency triggered 80,000 soviet troops to invade. The soviets failed to defeat the federation of mujahideen guerrillas, supported by the US, Pakistan and Saudi Arabia. In 1988 the Soviet Union agreed to create a neutral afghan state. The last of the soviet troops left Afghanistan in about 1989. This war destroyed industry and agriculture and created 5-6 million refugees.
mohammed daoud khan